#50 | Ranking the States by Fiscal Condition: Illinois

Summary

On the basis of its solvency in five separate categories, Illinois ranks 50th among the US states for fiscal health. Illinois has between 0.55 and 1.13 times the cash needed to cover short-term obligations, well below the US average. Revenues only cover 92 percent of expenses, with a worsening net position of –$450 per capita. In the long run, Illinois’s negative net asset ratio of 2.86 points to the use of debt and large unfunded obligations. Long-term liabilities are higher than the national average, at 330 percent of total assets, or $12,816 per capita. Total unfunded pension liabilities that are guaranteed to be paid are $445.79 billion, or 67 percent of state personal income. OPEB are $51.90 billion, or 8 percent of state personal income.

Key Terms

• Cash solvency measures whether a state has enough cash to cover its short-term bills, which include accounts payable, vouchers, warrants, and short-term debt. (Illinois ranks 49th.)
• Budget solvency measures whether a state can cover its fiscal year spending using current revenues. Did it run a shortfall during the year? (Illinois ranks 46th.)
• Long-run solvency measures whether a state has a hedge against large long-term liabilities. Are enough assets available to cushion the state from potential shocks or long-term fiscal risks? (Illinois ranks 49th.)
• Service-level solvency measures how high taxes, revenues, and spending are when compared to state personal income. Do states have enough “fiscal slack”? If spending commitments demand more revenues, are states in a good position to increase taxes without harming the economy? Is spending high or low relative to the tax base? (Illinois ranks 14th.)
• Trust fund solvency measures how much debt a state has. How large are unfunded pension liabilities and OPEB liabilities compared to the state personal income? (Illinois ranks 46th.)

For a complete explanation of the methodology used to calculate Illinois's fiscal health rankings, download the full paper and the dataset at mercatus.org/statefiscalrankings.

To read all our work on Illinois, go to mercatus.org/states/illinois.